Define Planning

Planning is the process of deciding in advance what is to be done, who is to do it, how it is to be done and when it is to be done. It is the process of determining a course of action, so as to achieve the desired results.

In other words, Planning is a process which involves anticipation of future course of events and deciding the best course of action. It is a process of thinking before doing.

The effectiveness of formal planning is primarily based upon clarity of objectives.

Objectives provide a direction and all planning decisions are directed towards achievement of these objectives. Plans continuously reinforce the importance of these objectives by focusing on them.